Current:Home > ScamsScientists are flying into snowstorms to explore winter weather mysteries-LoTradeCoin
Scientists are flying into snowstorms to explore winter weather mysteries
View Date:2024-12-24 10:48:07
High up in some ice-filled clouds, sitting inside an airplane loaded with science instruments, Christian Nairy looked at pictures flashing on his computer screen. This high-altitude slideshow is displaying real-time images of cloud particles being sampled by a device out on the plane's wing — and some of the ice crystals looked like perfect little snowflakes.
"They're amazing to look at. Especially when they pop up right in front of you on the screen, it's remarkable," said Nairy, a Ph.D. student at the University of North Dakota.
He's just one of the scientists who was aboard a research plane earlier this month as it flew out of NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia to travel through a winter storm — part of a research campaign called IMPACTS, or the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Storms mission.
It's been gathering the kind of information that could someday help weather forecasters better predict whether a winter storm might cause treacherous conditions that would require shutting down schools, closing roads, and canceling flights.
Until this mission, which started in 2020 and ends February 28, there hadn't been a major airborne study of winter storms in the eastern half of the United States in about 30 years, says Lynn McMurdie, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Washington in Seattle.
"We've had some really good storms," says McMurdie. "Whatever Mother Nature gives us, we will go fly in it. We are going out and trying to get the whole range, from a super snowstorm that blocks all the traffic up and down the East Coast to 'oh, this is just a normal rainstorm, why do you care?' "
The biggest storm they flew in was the blizzard in January of 2022 that dumped around 2 feet of snow on parts of the Atlantic coast. "That was a crazy one," recalls Nairy. "We hit some crazy turbulence on that flight."
This year, though, eastern snowstorms have been relatively hard to come by. "But you know, this is what we have and we'll make the best of it. And I do think we have really excellent data," says McMurdie. "So there will be a lot of studies out of all these different storms, even if they're not the quintessential beautiful snowstorm."
One of the goals of this project is to better understand the bright "snow bands" that frequently appear in radar maps of winter storms east of the Rocky Mountains.
Scientists have known about these distinctive radar patterns for a couple of decades, but it's still not clear how the bands form or what exactly is going on inside of those clouds, explains McMurdie.
That's why scientists with IMPACTS chart their flight paths to go right through a storm's bands.
Instruments mounted under the P-3 aircraft's wings can directly sample cloud particles. Researchers inside the plane can also send out dropsondes, little probes that parachute down through the storm and send back data on things like temperature, pressure, relative humidity and wind speed.
Meanwhile, another research plane, the ER-2, frequently follows the same flight path, but at higher altitudes of over 60,000 feet. It has instruments that also gather data about the storm, from above.
"I think what makes this most special is that we are coordinating these two aircraft," says McMurdie, "and looking for this huge range of storms."
One thing researchers hope to understand is the role of supercooled liquid water in storm clouds. Under certain conditions, water can stay in a liquid form down to minus 34 degrees Celsius — around minus 29 degrees Fahrenheit.
Small droplets of this supercooled water sometimes adhere to snow crystals. "Imagine a beautiful snowflake, and then it has all these little tiny dots. It looks like it has a case of the measles, or something," says McMurdie.
What they've seen so far, she says, suggests that this kind of water is an important aspect of the snow bands, perhaps leading to more water content, more ice particles, and eventually more snowfall on the ground.
The massive amounts of data gathered from above, below and inside this diverse array of winter storms should give meteorologists much to mull over in the coming years, and hopefully end up incorporated into forecasting models, so that future weather reports will give a better sense of what a storm might be capable of.
"I'm continually surprised every time we go up and fly," says McMurdie. "Everytime, there is something that is like, 'Really? What is going on there?' "
veryGood! (7436)
Related
- LSU leads college football Week 11 Misery Index after College Football Playoff hopes go bust
- What Zoë Kravitz, Hailey Bieber and More Have Said About Being Nepo Babies
- Salaam Green selected as the city of Birmingham’s inaugural poet laureate
- In a rare appearance, Melania Trump welcomes new citizens at a National Archives ceremony
- Zendaya Shares When She Feels Extra Safe With Boyfriend Tom Holland
- Scores of candidates to seek high-profile open political positions in North Carolina as filing ends
- Tennessee governor grants clemency to 23 people, including woman convicted of murder
- Hague court rejects bid to ban transfer to Israel of F-35 fighter jet parts from Dutch warehouse
- Ben Foster files to divorce Laura Prepon after 6 years, according to reports
- Nebraska priest and man accused of fatal stabbing had no connection, prosecutor says
Ranking
- Why Cynthia Erivo Needed Prosthetic Ears for Wicked
- Economists now predict the U.S. is heading for a soft landing. Here's what that means.
- Arkansas Republican who wanted to suspend funds to libraries suing state confirmed to library board
- Tori Spelling Reveals 16-Year-Old Liam Suffered Fall Down the Stairs Before Surgery
- Trump breaks GOP losing streak in nation’s largest majority-Arab city with a pivotal final week
- Raiders vs. Chargers Thursday Night Football highlights: Las Vegas sets franchise record for points
- The EU’s drip-feed of aid frustrates Ukraine, despite the promise of membership talks
- The $10 billion charity no one has heard of
Recommendation
-
NFL Week 10 injury report: Live updates on active, inactive players for Sunday's games
-
Will cars in the future be equipped with devices to prevent drunk driving? What we know.
-
Lights flicker across NYC as brief power outage affects subways, elevators
-
NCAA, states ask to extend order allowing multiple-transfer athletes to play through spring
-
Everard Burke Introduce
-
Bradley Cooper Reveals Why There's No Chairs on Set When He's Directing
-
Where is Santa? Here's when NORAD and Google's Santa Claus trackers will go live
-
Chargers fire head coach Brandon Staley, GM Tom Telesco. Who is interim coach?